With the onset of menopause, women face an increased risk of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, loss of muscle and bone mass (osteoporosis), as well as cardiovascular disease. This is largely due to the decline in estradiol levels, a hormone that plays an important role in energy metabolism and the maintenance of muscle and bone health.

GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are medications increasingly used for weight management and the treatment of diabetes that have also been shown to confer additional benefits, including improvements in cardiovascular health. Women appear to derive particular benefit from these effects. However, substantial weight loss may also have adverse effects on bone and muscle health. This is especially relevant after menopause, when the body relies more heavily on adipose tissue as an additional source of estrogen.

To date, little is known about the long-term effects of GLP-1RA-induced weight loss on bone and muscle health. The FRAME-PM study therefore follows postmenopausal women receiving GLP-1RA therapy over a period of two years. The study assesses changes in bone mineral density, muscle mass, and biomarkers of bone turnover. The extent of weight loss, the type of medication, and additional factors such as diet and physical activity are also taken into account. The aim of the study is to address important knowledge gaps and to improve our understanding of the long-term effects of this therapy.